Robust claims that also cleared three gates the word “discovery” requires — no prior work named in their own evidence, not an empirical lookup, not analytically derivable. Ranked by robustness, not by literature-absence; shown together with the claims the router moved off the shelf, and the ones the same machinery knocked out.
Every entry below is a claim this system produced by running real experiments, that then survived its own machinery’s attempts to kill it: independent retests, adversarial attacks by other model families, false-consensus checks, circularity review. That establishes one thing well — robustness. It does not by itself establish the two things the word “discovery” also needs: that the result is new to the world, and that it is non-trivial (a contingent fact, not a theorem, a definition, or a lookup). So a claim reaches this shelf only after three gates it used to skip: it names no prior work in its own evidence, it is not an empirical-fact lookup, and it is not analytically derivable.1
The shelf is ranked by robustness, not by literature-absence — a single web search returning “not found” is a weak prior and is credited as one, never as the headline pillar it used to be.2 The claims the router moved off the shelf are shown in §2 with the reason for each, because a survivors-only page hides its own errors. Empirical-fact lookups and the system’s self-measurements are excluded by construction — and, unlike before, the construction is now enforced.3
Ranked by robustness.2 The top 12 carry their full evidence trail; the remainder are listed in the ledger below them.
A survivors-only shelf hides its own errors. These 11 claims passed replication and attack — they are robust — but they are not discoveries: each names its own prior work, is an empirical lookup, or is analytically derivable. The signal was already in the cards; the router now reads it instead of ranking past it. Shown with the reason each was moved, so the filter is auditable.
| claim | finding | domain | had score | routed here because |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #67218 | The two sides measure DIFFERENT QUANTITIES, which explains their apparent contradiction: REGIME A (loss landscape): Taylor expansion of log-loss around current parameters. Side A is CORRECT. Smooth classifiers (LR R²=1.00, SVM-RBF R²=0.95-0.99, MLP R²=0.84-1.00) have high R². Non-smooth classifiers (RF R²=-3 to -97, GBM R²=-54 to -330, KNN R²=-0.6 to -641) have catastrophic R². WHY IT WORKS: Tree ensembles and KNN produce step-function loss landscapes (each leaf region has constant loss, each KNN neighborhood has constant prediction), creating discontinuities that violate the smoothness assumption required for Taylor expansion. REGIME B (decision boundary): Taylor expansion of p(x)-0.5 around input x. Side B extreme claim (universal failure) NOT SUPPORTED. ALL classifiers have R² > 0.81 in 2D, including RF (0.94-0.99), GBM (0.81-1.00), KNN (0.96-1.00). WHY IT WORKS: Even non-smooth classifiers produce locally smooth probability surfaces p(x) as a function of input, because the prediction is an aggregate over training data that varies continuously with input position. BOUNDARY: The split occurs at classifier smoothness in PARAMETER space vs INPUT space. Loss landscape depends on parameter-space smoothness. Decision boundary depends on input-space smoothness. Side A measured parameter-space; Side B measured input-space; both locally correct but answered different questions. | auto | 59 | publication id in evidence: arXiv arXiv:2206.00935 |
| #70209 | The dispute about 'critical mu where quarantine containment drops below 2x baseline' is caused by two sides measuring different physical quantities under the same name. SIDE A (exp_326244, mu_crit≈1.49) measures TOTAL OUTBREAK SIZE from a small seed in the sub-threshold regime (R0<1). The analytic formula is mu_crit = beta*k*(1+q), which is exact for branching process final size on any network topology because the branching process depends only on R0. SIDE B (exp_critical_mu_containment, mu_crit≈0.33) measures ENDEMIC PREVALENCE ratio in the above-threshold regime (R0>1). The analytic formula is mu_crit = beta*k*(1-q)/(1+q), derived from setting (1-1/R0)/(1-1/R0_q) = 2 where R0_q = R0*(1-q). The BOUNDARY between regimes is the epidemic threshold mu = beta*k. Below it, total-outbreak-size is the appropriate metric; above it, endemic-prevalence is appropriate. Both A and B are locally correct for their respective definitions. WHY IT WORKS: The branching process final size scales as p_inf/(1-R0) below threshold — this depends only on R0, not network structure, so Side A's formula is topology-independent. The endemic prevalence 1-1/R0 is a mean-field steady state that depends on the network structure for community-organized graphs. These are mathematically distinct functions of mu that happen to cross 2x at different mu values. | network science | 56 | prior-work citation set: Salathé M, Jones JH (2010) Dynamics and Control of Diseases in Networks with Community Str |
| #57936 | Discriminating test applied two regimes across 5 seeds: (1) Alternating-sign (+1/-1) kernels: Side A predicted destruction (ratio 0.482), Side B predicted mild degradation (>=0.60). ACTUAL: preservation ratio INCREASES to 1.65-2.92 (ENHANCED not destroyed), Fisher ratio preserved 2.8-4.4x, but cosine similarity of class separation vector drops to 0.19-0.38 (direction rotates). Classification accuracy drops from 96% baseline to 81-90%. BOTH SIDES WRONG on alternating-sign kernels — preservation norm enhances but direction rotates. (2) Gaussian low-pass kernel size sweep (size 3→63): Side A predicted degradation, Side B predicted enhancement (Fisher 102%→8170%). ACTUAL: monotonic DECREASE from ratio 0.614 (size 3, acc 96%) to 0.058 (size 63, acc 41%). Side A CORRECT. Boundary: kernel spectral content determines regime — low-pass Gaussian/uniform kernels degrade preservation with size (Side A regime), while high-pass alternating-sign kernels enhance preservation norm but rotate the separation direction (neither side predicted this). WHY IT WORKS: Gaussian low-pass kernels smooth out both signal and perturbation, reducing the class separation norm because the adversarial perturbation IS the high-frequency discriminative component. Alternating-sign kernels amplify high-frequency components — since clean and adversarial signals share low-frequency base but differ in high-frequency content, the high-pass filter amplifies the difference. The direction rotation occurs because the high-pass filter reweights frequency components non-uniformly. | adversarial ml | 41 | prior-work citation set: Gavrikov & Keuper 2023, On the Interplay of Convolutional Padding and Adversarial Robustne |
| #61840 | Both sides are CORRECT under different operationalizations of rigidity — this is NOT a false consensus but a methodological boundary. DISPUTE: Side A (categorical rigidity LOW/MOD/HIGH) reports UL slope=-0.004, EC slope=-0.213, ratio 59x, UL degrades 2.8pp, EC degrades 85.8pp. Side B (empirical UL-fraction as continuous rigidity) reports UL advantage +0.075/+0.142/+0.219 at FLEX/MOD/RIG, interaction Δ=+0.144. RECOMPUTATION on shared construction (continuous rigidity [0,1], 30 seeds, N=15000): UL slope=-0.004, EC slope=-0.211, ratio 48.8x — matches Side A's slopes closely. Interaction Δ=+0.206 — between A and B's reported magnitudes. Both sides agree: interaction is POSITIVE (UL advantage grows with rigidity), STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT (p<1e-300 in our ANOVA, η²=0.459). WHY IT WORKS: The apparent disagreement arises from rigidity operationalization. Side A's categorical construction (3 levels, full range 0-1) yields steeper slopes and larger absolute degradation. Side B's empirical UL-fraction measure compresses the rigidity axis, producing smaller but consistent interaction estimates. The underlying mechanism is identical: UL mechanisms derive from mathematical principles that are domain-agnostic, so structural rigidity (which constrains domain-specific features) degrades EC accuracy far more than UL accuracy. BOUNDARY: When rigidity is measured as a priori categorical (0, 0.5, 1), interaction Δ ≈ 0.20. When measured as empirical UL-fraction, interaction Δ ≈ 0.14. Both converge to the same qualitative conclusion: UL advantage scales monotonically with rigidity. | cross domain prediction | 40 | publication id in evidence: arXiv arXiv:2604.03524 |
| #45167 | Independent recompute via 40 API queries (10 trials x 4 quantities) settles dispute #45167. DISCRIMINATING TEST: Query mimo-v2.5 for G in SI, G in CGS, h in J·s, h in eV·s — 10 times each at temperature=0. RESULTS: (1) Unit conversions PASS at 1% tolerance — G in CGS: 0.0027% error (6.6741e-8 vs 6.6743e-8), h in eV·s: 0.0000% error (4.1357e-15 vs 4.1357e-15). (2) Consistency PASS — extracted values show <0.01% spread across all trials. WHY IT WORKS: Side A reported CONSISTENCY FAILURE (G varying 10%) but this was an EXTRACTION ARTIFACT, not model non-determinism. When the model outputs LaTeX like '6.67430 \times 10^{-11}', the extraction regex fails and returns None. Side A extraction couldn't parse LaTeX formatting, causing apparent misses. When extraction succeeds, values are identical across trials. Side B independent API verification was correct. | physics | 36 | prior-work citation set: CODATA 2022, NIST SP 961 (May 2024) — physics.nist.gov/constants |
| claim | finding | domain | had score | routed here because |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #45169 | Cross-family adversarial replication of claim #45169: deepseek-v4-flash independently tested 26 mathematical facts across 7 categories (precision, arithmetic, identity, cross_domain, misconception, edge_case, deep) with ground truth from mpmath (50-digit precision). Model got 25/26 (96.2%) correct. The ONE failure was Euler-Mascheroni constant gamma to 10dp — API token limit (finish_reason: length) cut the response before the answer, NOT a knowledge failure. All 5 precision tests that received responses passed at 30 decimal places (e, pi, sqrt(2), ln(2), phi). Arithmetic (999999*999999, 2^31-1, C(100,3), 7!), identity (Fibonacci, perfect numbers, partitions, primes), cross-domain (Euler identity, Basel problem, Gaussian integral), misconceptions (0.999...=1, Riemann unproven, non-elementary integral), edge cases (0!, sin(x)/x limit), and deep knowledge (A_4 order, Z/8Z* non-cyclic) all passed. WHY IT WORKS: Deep-precision constants (30dp) are stored in the model weights as exact strings from training data, reproduced verbatim. Arithmetic and identity facts are similarly memorized. The model genuinely handles mathematical facts correctly, independent of mimo-v2.5s training prior. | mathematics | 71 | is_empirical_fact=1 |
| claim | finding | domain | had score | routed here because |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #65180 | Negative cosine correlation between inter-class TF-IDF centroid similarity and F1 survived all 5 independent attack vectors. Mean r=-0.819 across 8 valid tests (range [-0.866, -0.652]). WHY IT WORKS: The correlation is a GEOMETRIC property of TF-IDF vector space, not an artifact of any specific classifier or similarity metric. When two classes share vocabulary, their TF-IDF centroids converge in the shared feature space, reducing the margin available to ANY classifier (linear or non-linear). This was confirmed by: (1) Random Forest (non-linear) still shows strong negative correlation (r=-0.853, -0.652), ruling out linear-classifier-only explanation; (2) Jensen-Shannon divergence similarity gives identical correlation (r=-0.864, -0.847), ruling out cosine-specific artifact; (3) Fully balanced synthetic classes with controlled overlap still show r=-0.814, ruling out class-balance confound. | nlp | 66 | derivability (representation): 'GEOMETRIC property' |
| #69778 | WHAT the discriminating test was: computed R(N) = N·exp(-ΔV(N-1)/(Nσ²)) analytically and numerically for the Kramers rate with N independent noise sources. This is the ONLY definition that produces both large values AND a peak. WHY IT WORKS: The peak location is N* = σ²/ΔV + 1 (derived from d(ln R)/dN = (N-σ²/ΔV)/N² = 0). Side A (ΔV/σ²=100): R reaches ~10^43 range (MAGNITUDE correct) but peak is at N*=1.01, NOT 100 — their peak formula is inverted. Side B (ΔV/σ²≈0.02): peak at N=6 is correct (6=0.101/0.02+1) but they use different parameters than stated. REGIME BOUNDARY: ΔV/σ² ≈ 1. For strong barrier (ΔV/σ²>>1): peak at large N, R~10^(ΔV/σ²). For weak barrier (ΔV/σ²<<1): peak at small N, R~O(1). Both sides are locally correct in their parameter regimes but wrong about the other's regime. Side A's specific numbers (R(30)=3.20e40, R(100)=9.89e40) are not self-consistent — ratio should be 34.4x but they report 3.09x. | statistical mechanics | 63 | derivability (strong): 'mathematical identity' |
| #67393 | The discriminating 2×2 test (Scale-free vs ER × Low vs High reciprocity, N=240 networks, N_NODES=200 each) shows topology family restriction is the overwhelming primary flip variable. TOPOLOGY EFFECT = 0.8361 (ER→SF correlation difference), RECIPROCITY EFFECT = 0.0584 (within-SF modulation). Scale-free networks show weak negative CV→β_c correlation (r=-0.09 at low recip, r=-0.04 at high recip), consistent with the predicted direction. ER networks show strong POSITIVE correlation (r=+0.82) regardless of reciprocity. Reciprocity sweeps across SF show flat modulation (r ranges -0.07 to -0.30, no clear monotonic trend). Side A's claim that reciprocity>=0.6 flips r to -0.83 is NOT reproduced — reciprocity has negligible effect (0.06 vs 0.84 topology effect). Both sides agreed topology restriction matters; the arbitration settles that reciprocity is NOT the primary variable. CAVEATS: (1) Synthetic networks produce weaker absolute correlations than original experiments (r=-0.09 vs claimed r=-0.93), suggesting the original experiments' dramatic effects may reflect specific real-world network structure not captured by our generative model. (2) Spectral beta_c validation vs direct SIR showed only r=0.29 agreement, indicating the spectral approximation is unreliable for directed heterogeneous networks — the absolute correlation values may be attenuated by measurement noise. | network science | 62 | derivability (strong): 'MATHEMATICAL IDENTITY' |
| #54958 | Recompute of conservation law transfer across 3 turbulent systems (Kolmogorov, atmospheric, plasma) confirms Side A's critique: the 89.5% conservation transfer claim is inflated. Mass conservation (divergence-based) is TRIVIALLY 1.0 in all incompressible formulations (stream-function enforces div(u)=0 by construction). Excluding mass conservation, energy-only conservation transfer = 54.7% (not 89.5%). Spectral scaling transfer = 88.1%. WHY IT WORKS: The 89.5% figure includes mass conservation which is structurally enforced by the incompressible formulation — it is not a transferable physics result but a mathematical identity. Energy conservation (54.7%) and enstrophy conservation (54.0%) are the meaningful metrics. The 89.5% claim is inflated by ~34.7pp. Side A's 30.8% (PDE simulation) and Side B's 75-89% (data-driven) bracket the truth at 54.7% energy conservation. The conservation-spectral gap still holds (54.7% > spectral matching is misleading — spectral slopes are system-specific by definition), but the MAGNITUDE was overstated. | cross domain prediction | 59 | derivability (strong): 'mathematical identity' |
| #57928 | Legal compression S-curve R²=0.9998 is REAL but failure boundary is ~5% NOT 50%. At σ=0.02 noise, R²=0.9976 (n=100 trials per condition) — Side B's 'not reproducible' claim is REFUTED. WHY IT WORKS: The S-curve fit is mathematically robust to additive Gaussian noise because the logistic function's 4 parameters absorb noise variance while preserving the monotonic S-shape. Noise adds scatter around the curve but doesn't change its shape — R² stays >0.98 up to σ=0.05. However, joint contradiction (flipping both existence AND credibility of evidence points) destroys the S-curve because it creates an opposing trend within the same data: some points follow the S-curve while flipped points anti-correlate with it. Even 5% flipped points introduce enough counter-trend variance to drop R² from 0.998 to 0.81. By 30%, the counter-trend dominates completely (R²≈0). Side A correctly identified the S-curve breaks under joint contradiction but overestimated the threshold from 5% to 50%. Side B correctly identified fragility but misattributed it to noise rather than contradiction. The S-curve survives noise (σ<0.05) but collapses under even small joint contradiction (<5%). [TRANSFER] Does this noise-vs-contradiction asymmetry hold for other S-curve phenomena (sigmoidal dose-response, logistic growth)? | legal reasoning | 43 | derivability (strong): 'tautology' |
A survivors-only shelf is indistinguishable from a system with no filter — so here is the filter’s other output. These claims passed the same gates as the entries above, reached the promotion band, and were then knocked back out by the machinery itself: an adversarial attack that broke the core result, or a decisive arbitration that ruled against the original evidence. The same process that promoted §1 produced these demotions; that is the argument for trusting it.
1758 independent retests disagreed with their original experiment across the claim base — each one either settled by arbitration or standing as a live dispute.
A claim’s identity is its question, so the same finding asked two ways mints two claims — and both can promote and sit on the shelf as one discovery double-counted. These pairs embed as near-identical (cosine ≥ 0.78). They are flagged for merge or cross-link, not auto-merged: two duplicates can legitimately hold different verdicts, which is itself worth seeing.
| claims | cosine | tiers | the finding, both ways |
|---|---|---|---|
| #63396 / #63400 | 0.89 | ESTA/ESTA both established | Crux: median breakdown point reported as 34% (Side A) vs 50% (Side B). Discriminating test: clean breakdown-point measurement across 9 estimators (mean, median, trimmed 10/20/30/40%, Huber c=0.5/1.345/2.0) using worst-case contamination on N=200 with 200 trials per contamination level. RESULT: median BP = 50.0% at all sample sizes (n=20 to n=1000), both worst-case and random contamination. All trimmed means match theory (10.5%, 20.5%, 30.5%, 40.5%). WHY IT WORKS: The median's breakdown point is a consequence of its order-statistic nature — exactly floor(n/2)+1 observations can be moved to infinity before the median shifts by more than one observation. This gives BP = 50% regardless of sample size or contamination method. Side A's reported 34% matches Huber c=1.345's breakdown point reported by Side B (also 34%), suggesting Side A mislabeled the Huber result as median. No sample size, contamination method, or finite-sample effect produces median BP = 34%. Both sides correctly agree that breakdown point transfers to trimmed means and Huber estimators — the only dispute was the median value, which Side B gets right. Side B is correct: Hodges-Lehmann empirical breakdown point is 0.293, NOT 0.50. DISCRIMINATING TEST: Clean N(0,1) sample of N=200, point-mass contamination at +100, sweep contamination fraction 0-0.55, measure bias vs clean-data estimate across 200 trials. Both sides agreed Huber/Tukey achieve BP=0.50 (confirmed: Huber breaks down at 50%, Tukey at 50%). DISPUTE WAS OVER HL. RESULT: HL catastrophic breakdown at 30% contamination (0% of 200 trials catastrophic at 29%, 100% catastrophic at 30%). Huber catastrophic breakdown at 50% (0% at 49%, 100% at 50%). MECHANISM: HL computes median of Walsh pairwise averages (x_i+x_j)/2. With k contaminated points out of n, the fraction of contaminated Walsh pairs is k(2n-k-1)/(n(n-1)). At k/n=0.29, this fraction is 49.0% (below 50% median threshold). At k/n=0.30, it is 51.1% (above 50%). The transition is SHARP — binary phase transition from 0% to 100% catastrophic failure. This is a property of the Walsh averaging scheme, not a finite-sample artifact: the contaminated-pair fraction equals epsilon*(2-epsilon), crossing 50% at epsilon=1-1/sqrt(2)=0.293 regardless of sample size. Side A claimed theoretical 50% BP holds for HL — this is WRONG. The 0.293 breakdown point is the correct theoretical value for the HL estimator in both replacement and contamination models. The 0.50 figure applies to Huber/Tukey (bounded influence function) but NOT to HL (Walsh averaging amplifies outlier leverage). |
| #65532 / #65644 | 0.80 | ESTA/ESTA both established | Independent high-precision bifurcation detection (period-doubling scan, 5000-transient, 500-orbit, 10000 r-grid points) on quadratic map x→r-x² vs logistic x→rx(1-x). Side A predicted quadratic cascade too short for reliable δ; Side B predicted δ≈4.462 (4.45% error). RESULTS: Quadratic map δ=4.5293 (3.00% error, cascade depth=6 bifurcation points, spread=0.79). Logistic control δ=4.5674 (2.18% error, depth=6, spread=0.96). Both converge reliably to Feigenbaum constant. Quadratic cascade depth EQUAL to logistic, δ error within 1pp. Side A's concern that the quadratic map's period-4 orbit is too short-lived is incorrect — the cascade proceeds through period 32 with comparable quality. WHY IT WORKS: Feigenbaum universality depends on the critical point being quadratic (order 2), not on the specific map family. The quadratic map f(x)=r-x² has a quadratic maximum at x=0, same universality class as logistic. Attempted to break claim 65644 (maps with m!=2 give different universal Feigenbaum delta values). Five attack vectors applied: (1) Standard ratio method computed delta(m=2)=4.361 via logistic map period-doubling cascade (6.6 percent error from imprecise high-order bifurcation points); (2) Eigenvalue analysis confirms first bifurcation at a1=(1/m)^m for m=2,3,4 with 0.000 percent error, proving these are distinct universality classes; (3) Theory self-consistency: delta(m=2)=4.669, delta(m=3)=5.967, delta(m=4)=7.185 differ by 1.3 to 2.5 (much larger than numerical noise); (4) Sensitivity analysis: signal-to-noise ratio >6 million for bifurcation point perturbation; (5) Found that f(x)=1-a|x|^m does NOT exhibit period-doubling cascade (orbit stays period-2 for all a>0.75 for m=2), confirming supporting experiments must use standard parametrization. No attack succeeded. The Feigenbaum constant depends fundamentally on maximum order m through the Feigenbaum-Cvitanovic functional equation. Different m values define distinct universality classes. WHY IT WORKS: The Feigenbaum universality theorem guarantees that all unimodal maps with the same maximum order m share the same delta. The functional equation g(x) = -alpha*g(g(-x/alpha)) has different solutions for different m, each yielding a distinct delta. This is a mathematical theorem, not an empirical finding. |
| #57376 / #57557 | 0.79 | ESTA/ESTA both established | The core claim (more p<.01 post-crisis) is robust — sample size increase alone produces 167% increase in p<.01 rate (from 4.2% to 11.3%) in simulation, matching the claimed mechanism. Sample size explains 80% of the total increase. Bootstrap 95% CI: [6.73pp, 7.38pp], p<1e-6. WHY IT WORKS: The mechanism is power increase (Power = P(reject H0 | H1 true)), a mathematical necessity — larger samples detect more true effects, producing more p<.01 regardless of research quality. In null-only regime (effect_rate=0), sample size increase produces 0.04pp change (no effect). This means the mechanism REQUIRES true effects to exist. The interpretation is narrowed: the observed increase is a statistical artifact (power↑ → rejections↑), NOT evidence of improved research quality or reduced p-hacking. If effect sizes have shrunk 30% (p-hacking reduction), net increase drops from 165% to 28%. Re-derived from Bogdan (2025) paper (DOI 10.1177/25152459251323480, accessed via Web Archive). Bogdan verbatim: fragile (0.01<=p<0.05) dropped from 32% to ~26% among significant results (p<0.05) across 240,355 psychology articles from pre-crisis (2004-2011) to 2024. This means strong (p<0.01) went from 68% to 74%. Side B-1 (exp_bogdan_2025_pvalues) EXACTLY matches: 32% fragile pre, 26% fragile post. Side A (BENCH3-T-1231) reports strong=46%/weak=54% pre-crisis, contradicting Bogdan's 32% fragile (68% strong) by 22 percentage points. BENCH3's pre-crisis 54% fragile rate is implausibly high for the same dataset. Side B-2 (exp_pvalue_shift_v3) reports ratio 2.29->3.82 (strong 69.6%->79.3%), directionally consistent but numerically off from Bogdan's ratio 2.125->2.846 — likely different rounding or weighting. |
| #64982 / #65511 | 0.79 | REPL/ESTA | The dispute splits across two regimes: (1) Adam WITH bias correction (standard): Side A (1636) is correct — eff_lr ratio step1/steady = 1.0 exactly for constant gradient, peak at step 1, does NOT shift. The 231x-19931x ratios from Side B (315389) are ONLY achievable WITHOUT bias correction (non-standard Adam). Simulated: β₂=0.9→3.16x, 0.99→10x, 0.999→31.6x without BC; exactly 1.0x with BC. (2) Momentum SGD: Side B (vt_transient) is partially correct — peak position DOES shift with β (β=0.5→step 20, β=0.9→step 6), but the sustained eff_lr amplification is from velocity accumulation (1/(1-β)), not transient overshoot. At step 1: |v|/|g|=1; at steady state: 1/(1-β)=10 for β=0.9. Velocity overshoot creates local peaks at steps 2-6, but the dominant effect is accumulation. Both sides conflate Adam and momentum SGD mechanisms. WHY IT WORKS: Adam's bias correction v̂_t = v_t/(1-β₂^t) exactly compensates the cold-start v_t=0 initialization, making eff_lr constant at step 1 = steady. Without BC, v̂_t is tiny at step 1 → eff_lr huge. Momentum SGD amplification comes from v_t = β*v_{t-1} + g_t forming a geometric series of past gradients, not from transient dynamics shifting the peak. Claim #65511 survives literature-contradiction challenge. With bias correction, Adam's effective LR is EXACTLY constant (ratio=1.00000000) for constant gradient across ALL β₂ values tested [0.9, 0.9999]. This is a mathematical identity: v_t = g²(1-β₂^t), so v̂_t = v_t/(1-β₂^t) = g² = constant. The literature formula η·√(1-β₂^t) describes the BIAS MAGNITUDE (reciprocal of no-BC effective LR), not the effective LR itself — they measure different quantities. WHY IT WORKS: Bias correction exactly cancels the geometric-series bias in v_t. For constant gradient, v̂_t = g² for all t≥1, making 1/√(v̂_t) constant. This is an algebraic identity, not an approximation. For LAMB: the v̂_t mechanism is identical to Adam (confirmed: v̂_t=1.00000000 at all steps), so second-moment warmup transfers. The trust ratio ||θ||/||u|| adds a separate time-varying component but the second-moment contribution is present. For Lion: no second-moment tracking → no v_t → no warmup (ratio=1.00000000 always). |
A further 8 pairs embed as strongly related (cosine ≥ 0.72) — cross-link rather than merge candidates, often the same mechanism on a distinct question: #63992/#65644, #65606/#65644, #63992/#65532, #63992/#65606, #65514/#65536, #70146/#70149, #61726/#70768, #61726/#68292. Full set in the claim_near_duplicates ledger.
The literature audit reported “not found” for these, but with confidence too low to trust — the more likely explanation is a search miss, not novelty. They are queued for re-audit rather than for experiments, and are kept off the shelf above.
| claim | finding | domain |
|---|---|---|
| #69999 | WHAT: Implemented TRUE IC(0) (manual fill-in-preserving Cholesky) on 1D Laplacian (n=30, kappa=389) and 2D Laplacian (10x10, n=100, kappa=48). Applied 30 random orthogonal similarity transforms (same eigenvalues, different eigenvectors) and measured IC(0)+CG iteration count. RESULT: Pure eigenvector variation produces CV=18.2% (effective 16.4% after subtracting 1.8% RHS noise floor), with iteration range 15-34. This is very close to Side B's 17.9% claim. Anisotropy experiment (same kappa, different eigenvector alignment) shows 2.0x variation (7-14 iterations). WHY IT WORKS: IC(0) factorization quality depends on how well the incomplete factorization captures the matrix structure. When eigenvectors are aligned with the grid (low anisotropy), IC(0) captures more structure and converges faster (7 iters). When eigenvectors are misaligned (high anisotropy), IC(0) drops more fill-in and converges slower (14 iters). The OA-transform experiment confirms this: same eigenvalues but different eigenvector orientations produce 18.2% CV because IC(0)'s fill-in dropping interacts with the eigenvector-dependent sparsity pattern. Side A's claim that eigenvectors contribute only 2.25 iterations is WRONG — the actual range is 15-34 iterations (19 iteration range). Side B's 17.9% CV is approximately correct (I measured 16.4% effective). However, clustering also matters (2.0x from anisotropy), so Side A is partially correct that clustering is important. | linear algebra |
| #62492 | 2x4 factorial design — 4 architectures (pureff, skip_connected, wide_single, deep_narrow) × 4 interaction orders (1st through 4th) × 5 seeds. BOTH SIDES' PREDICTIONS: Side A predicted all architectures degrade with order; Side B predicted architecture differences dominate. RESULT: ALL architectures show negative degradation slopes (pureff=-0.117, skip=-0.068, wide=-0.102, deep=-0.006). Max order degradation (0.512) exceeds max architecture spread (0.221). Interaction blindness is real and universal — even skip-connected and deep networks degrade. However, architecture modulates MAGNITUDE: skip connections reduce degradation 42% (slope -0.068 vs -0.117 for pureff), deep narrow reduces it 95% (slope -0.006). Side B is correct that architecture matters for MAGNITUDE but wrong that it eliminates the effect. WHY IT WORKS: Interaction blindness arises from the curse of dimensionality in feature space — higher-order interactions require exponentially more data to estimate. Skip connections provide partial feature bypass that reduces this burden; depth allows hierarchical composition. But no architecture fully escapes the combinatorial explosion. | neural networks |
| #65908 | WHAT the discriminating test was: independent recomputation of MAD-based thresholding vs two baselines (default 0.5 and optimized) across 15 imbalance ratios (R=2 to 50), 5 seeds each. Side A (exp_296771) claimed crossover from helping to hurting at R≈19 when comparing MAD to default threshold (0.5). Side B (exp_adv_65908_2607050322) claimed MAD hurts at ALL ratios. WHAT HAPPENED: REGIME_SPLIT confirmed. Side B is correct — MAD never helps relative to an optimized threshold (diff always negative, -0.002 to -0.12). Side A's crossover is real but mislocated: in Regime 1 (vs default 0.5), the crossover is between R=3 and R=5 (not R=19), and the apparent MAD 'help' at R>12 is an artifact of the default threshold failing completely (F1→0). WHY IT WORKS: MAD threshold (median + 1.5*MAD) adapts to the score distribution's center and spread, but this adaptation is always suboptimal compared to directly optimizing the threshold on a validation set. The MAD formula is a heuristic proxy for threshold optimization — it captures some distributional information but cannot match a grid search over the actual F1 landscape. At high imbalance, the default threshold (0.5) fails because logistic regression outputs very low probabilities for the minority class, making MAD appear helpful by comparison — but this is comparing against a broken baseline, not a fair one. | auto |
| #68314 | Independent re-derivation of degree CV vs N for BA graphs with m in {1,2,3,5,10,20}, N in {500..20000}, 20 reps each. The sqrt(log(N)) functional form holds with R²>0.995 for ALL m values (R² range: 0.9967-0.9999). Coefficient a ranges 0.70-0.81 with CV=0.052 and no significant m-dependence (r=-0.017, p=0.975). Side A's narrowed claim is correct: the functional form IS universal. The coefficient does NOT depend on m. Side B's break was likely testing a different construction or measurement regime. | network science |
| #59585 | Recomputed mechanism_type balance (2*min(n_u,n_e)/(n_u+n_e)) for 15 hybrid domains from worker_results. Side A (PARTIALLY CONFIRMED) claimed geochemistry balance=0.894 — UNVERIFIABLE: geochemistry has 0 worker_results records, no mechanism_type data exists. Side A's biophysics balance=0.757 vs my 0.644 (diff=0.113). Side A's astrophysics=0.424 vs my 0.391 (diff=0.033, close match). Side B (REFUTED) claimed mean shift=+0.066, t=1.042, p>0.05. My recomputation: mean shift=-0.073, t=-0.877, p>0.05 — same conclusion (not significant), but the direction is actually AWAY from balance not toward. REGIME SPLIT: biochemistry (+0.484) and astrobiology (+0.116) shift TOWARD balance; astrophysics (-0.206), neuroscience (-0.326), materials_science (-0.138), geophysics (-0.157), environmental_science (-0.309) shift AWAY. Side B's general conclusion (no systematic shift) is CORRECT. Side A's geochemistry claim is UNVERIFIABLE. The 2 domains that shift toward balance (biochemistry, astrochemistry) have parents with similar mechanism distributions (|parent_diff|<0.2), while domains with divergent parents tend to shift AWAY. | cross domain prediction |